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ICE Immigration Sweeps or Raids: Executive Order Enforcement

2/10/2017

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​Yesterday, on February 9th 2017, ICE (Immigration & Customs Enforcement) engaged in "immigration sweeps" in California, Texas and other states -- detaining undocumented immigrants that were in their homes, or at work. #ICERaid #ICErains #immigrationraid

ICE was enforcing another Executive Order issued by the President on January 25, 2017, BORDER SECURITY AND IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT IMPROVEMENTS, that pushes for increased enforcement activities against immigrants in the U.S. already.

If you, or someone you know, is in potential danger of being picked up by ICE, please prepare for this possibility. Have someone that can take care of your kids, someone that can contact relatives, friends & immigration attorneys on your behalf and someone who can advocate for you in the media.

Remember that all individuals in the U.S., no matter what immigration status they have, are covered under the U.S. CONSTITUTION. This was affirmed yesterday by the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals.

YOUR RIGHTS: you have the right to remain silent and not answer any questions, the right to refuse to open your door, the right to refuse to sign anything and the right to retain an immigration attorney (no right to a free attorney, but you can hire an attorney).

To locate your loved ones and friends that have been detained by ICE, go to https://locator.ice.gov/odls/homePage.do

To locate a person who is being detained by ICE, you need to know either his or her A Number plus a country of birth, OR his or her full legal name, and date and country of birth. Please note that if you don't know his or her A number, searching by name may not be successful if the name was misspelled, or a wrong date of birth entered into the system.

​As was reported by Washington Post, ICE raids took place in at least 6 states in following areas: Vista, Pomona and Compton, CA; Austin and Pflugerville, TX, Alexandria and Annandale, VA, Charlotte and Burlington, NC, Plant City, FL, Hudson Valley region, NY, Wichita, KS. 

In Russian:

Вчера 9 февраля 2017 во многих городах и штатах в США прошли иммиграционные рейды ICE. Иммиграционная полиция арестовывала нелегальных иммигрантов в домах и на работе. Это был первый день таких усиленных рейдов в исполнение Указа президента от 25 января 2017, BORDER SECURITY AND IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT IMPROVEMENTS.

Помните, что у вас есть права в соответствии с Конституцией США, а именно: право хранить молчание и не отвечать на вопросы, право нанять адвоката (нет права на бесплатного адвоката, и на адвоката в ситуации "ускоренной депортации (expedited removal),  что применяется в отношении нелегальных иммигрантов, находящихся в США менее двух лет и нередко на границе с Мексикой), право не открывать дверь если к вам пришли без ордера на арест или обыск, право отказаться подписывать документы если вы не понимаете, что вы подписываете.

Если вас пытаются депортировать по правилам "ускоренной депортации", полезно иметь при себе доказательства своего длительного непрерывного проживания в США более двух лет (налоговые декларации, счета, платежки и т.п.

На официальном вебсайте иммиграционной полиции ICE существует поисковик, с помощью которого вы можете попытаться разыскать своих близких, если вы знаете или подозреваете, что они были задержаны ICE. Для поиска лучше всего иметь при себе номер А и страну рождения человека, которого вы разыскиваете. Также можно искать по имени и фамилии плюс дата и страна рождения. Во втором случае могут быть ошибки, если имя было написано неверно, или произошла ошибка с датой рождения.


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How to Study in USA: School Search, F-1 Student Visa

2/10/2017

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Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska. Университет Крейтон, г. Омаха, Небраска, США
Prospective students, considering enrollment into one of the colleges or universities in the United States and subsequent application for a F-1, international student visa, can use a helpful and up-do-date online tool at the official U.S. Department of Homeland Security website.

Here, you can find currently SEVP-certified school, information about SEVIS, F-1 visa for a foreign student, M-1 visa, and much more.

You can use the School Search Map to find Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)-certified schools and programs eligible to enroll F-1 and M-1 students in the United States.

You can search by school name, location, education or visa type. 

​The complete list of certified schools is here.

In Russian:

Как получить студенческую визу в США?

Наши клиенты нередко задают нам этот вопрос. Прежде чем подавать заявление на студенческую визу, вам следует определиться с универсттетом или колледжем, программой, стоимостью обучения и проживания.

Помните, что только аккредитованные колледжи и университеты имеют право выдавать официальную форму I-20, которая затем вам позволит получить студенческую визу. Поэтому один из первых шагов: проверьте, является ли ваш колледж аккредитованным, и сможете ли вы получить студенческую визу через этот колледж. Если нет, продолжайте поиск. Другой колледж в том же штате, или в другом штате может предлагать подобную программу обучения, и стоимость обучения и проживания тоже может отличаться в несколько раз.

Помните, что студенческую визу можно получить и на курсы обучения английского, так называемые языковые курсы ESL English as a Second Language.

Официальный государственный вебсайт, где можно проверить аккредитацию колледжей и университетов тут.

​Список аккредитованных школ можно проверить на вебсайте DHS тут.

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9th Circuit Court of Appeals Ruled Against Muslim or Travel Ban, Refugee Admission Allowed, Injunction Upheld

2/9/2017

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On February 9, 2017, the 9th circuit court of appeals ruled that President's travel ban (aka Muslim Ban) will remain blocked and unenforceable, and the temporary injunction granted by the federal district judge will remain in place (Washington v. Trump, No. C17-0141-JLR, 2017 WL 462040 (W.D. Wash. Feb. 3, 2017).  

The ruling means that citizens and nationals of seven Muslim majority countries will continue to be able to travel to the U.S. (on any non-immigrant or immigrant visa), and refugees will be admitted to the United States of America, despite president's January 27th executive order (Executive Order 13769, “Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States”. 82 Fed. Reg. 8,977).

Text of the court order (29 pages) is here.

9 февраля 2017, апелляционный суд 9-го федерального округа вынес решение, и поддержал федерального судью, который запретил выполнение некоторых положений указа президента от 27 января 2017 (так называемый Muslim Ban).

Таким образом, запрет на въезд граждан семи мусульманских стран не действителен (и они могут приезжать в США как и раньше, до попытки президента запретить их въезд).

Въезд беженцев в США также разрешен (запрет на въезд беженцев считается недействителен, и все государственные агенства обязаны следовать решению суда)..

Следующий этап - президент уже объявил сегодня на твиттере - правительство и президент подадут апелляцию в Верховный Суд США, который в настоящий момент имеет только 8 судей (нужно 9 для кворума). Решение 4-4 оставит в силе решение нижестоящего суда. Кандидат на 9-ую должность судьи Верховного Суда уже есть, но пока не утвержден. Продолжение следует....

Текст решения суда (29 страниц) тут: 
https://www.scribd.com/document/338916954/Washington-vs-Trump#


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Judges Richard R. Clifton, William Canby and Michelle T. Friedland - 9th Circuit Court of Appeals
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Federal Judge Imposed Nationwide Temp Injunction on Muslim Ban Executive Order Effective Immediately Feb 3 2017

2/3/2017

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Breaking News 02/03/2017:

A U.S. federal judge on Friday, February 03 2017 imposed a nationwide hold (injunction) on President's 01/27/2017 executive order, banning travelers and immigrants from seven predominantly Muslim countries.

The judge agreed with two states (Minnesota and Washington) that had challenged the executive order.
"The state has met its burden in demonstrating 
immediate and irreparable injury," judge said. "This TRO (temporary restraining order) is granted on a nationwide basis ..."

​A State Department official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Friday: "
We are working closely with the Department of Homeland Security and our legal teams to determine how this affects our operations. We will announce any changes affecting travelers to the United States as soon as that information is available." 

It means that as of February 3, 2017,  the president's 01/27/2017 executive order is unenforceable, and the White House, DHS, ICE, CBP, DOS must follow the judge's order (not the president's executive order). The government will appeal, and the judge will hear the arguments and make the final decision at a later date.

​Read here.

UPDATE Following the court order, on Saturday, February 4, 2017, the DHS released the following statement:


"From the Department of Homeland Security (DHS):In accordance with the judge's ruling, DHS has suspended any and all actions implementing the affected sections of the Executive Order entitled, "Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States."
This includes actions to suspend passenger system rules that flag travelers for operational action subject to the Executive Order.
DHS personnel will resume inspection of travelers in accordance with standard policy and procedure.
At the earliest possible time, the Department of Justice intends to file an emergency stay of this order and defend the President's Executive Order, which is lawful and appropriate. The Order is intended to protect the homeland and the American people, and the President has no higher duty and responsibility than to do so.
For the latest information, please visit the DHS website: https://www.dhs.gov/news"

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Ситуация с указами президента меняется каждый день: помните, что информация и законодательство постоянно обновляются, и мы не в состоянии вовремя опубликовать изменения и дополнения на этом блоге. Если вам нужен юридический совет адвоката, свяжитесь с нами по электронной почте и мы договоримся о дате и времени консультации по телефону или через скайп.

После решения федерального судьи о том, что некоторые положения указа президента должны быть приостановлены от 3 февраля 2017, 4 февраля DHS, USCIS, CBP, ICE DOS и все другие департаменты и агентства официально заявили, что они возвращаются к старым процедурам, как это было в силе до подписания указа. И пока указ президента находится на рассмотрении в суде, они не будут его применять.
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I-601A Provisional Waiver Process Practice Advisory

2/3/2017

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ILRC published an updated Practice Advisory for the I-601A Provisional Waiver. The I-601A provisional waiver is an inadmissibility waiver for certain individuals who would be subject to the three- or ten-year bars for having accrued unlawful presence if they depart the United States.

In August 2016, USCIS updated the I-601A Provisional Waiver process. Now anyone who is statutorily eligible for a waiver of unlawful presence can use the I-601A process to waive the unlawful presence grounds of inadmissibility found at INA §212(a)(9)(B). The biggest change to the I-601A Provisional Waiver is the expansion to include applications from beneficiaries of all visa categories (not just those with U.S. citizen immediate relatives) who can show hardship to an LPR spouse or parent, in addition to U.S. citizen spouse or parent qualifying relatives. The applicant is still required to have an approved immigrant visa petition. 

Please note that there have been no changes to I-601A Provisional Waiver process made by President Trump's executive orders.


The full text of the ILRC I-601A Practice Advisory could be seen or downloaded here (14-page pdf file).

In Russian:

Новые Инструкции по подаче Условного Вейвера, форма 
I-601A, опубликованные в декабре 2016, с учетом всех тех изменений, которые были внесены в процесс получения этого вейвера в августе 2016 года. После вступления президента Трампа в должность, пока не было никаких новых изменений.

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DACA: Current Status and Options, February 2017

2/3/2017

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President Trump said during his election campaign that he would terminate the DACA program. He has not terminated DACA program yet, so DACA is still available and the government is still accepting and approving DACA initial and renewal applications.

However, the DACA program could be terminated at any time.

Although the DACA is still currently available, applying now is risky. Initial applications take several months to be processed, so a new application will most likely not be approved before the DACA program is changed or terminated. Therefore, you may lose your application $495 fee. Furthermore, you risk exposure to immigration authorities by sending them your personal data. 

DACA Renewals – Recommended for Certain Applicants.

Advance Parole – Not Recommended.


​Here is a PDF 3-page DACA advisory from ILRC.
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USCIS, CBP, DOS clarified the Executive Order Muslim Ban

2/3/2017

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UPDATE Following the court order, on Saturday, February 4, 2017, the DHS released the following statement:

"From the Department of Homeland Security (DHS):In accordance with the judge's ruling, DHS has suspended any and all actions implementing the affected sections of the Executive Order entitled, "Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States."
This includes actions to suspend passenger system rules that flag travelers for operational action subject to the Executive Order.
DHS personnel will resume inspection of travelers in accordance with standard policy and procedure.
At the earliest possible time, the Department of Justice intends to file an emergency stay of this order and defend the President's Executive Order, which is lawful and appropriate. The Order is intended to protect the homeland and the American people, and the President has no higher duty and responsibility than to do so.
For the latest information, please visit the DHS website: https://www.dhs.gov/news"

02/01/2017 UPDATE on so called Muslim ban executive order (List of 7 restricted countries: Iran, Iraq, Sudan, Syria, Somalia, Yemen & Libya):

USCIS

On February 2, 2017, the Acting Director of the USCIS confirmed that "...the Executive Order does not affect USCIS adjudication of applications and petitions filed for or on behalf of individuals in the United States, regardless of their country of nationality."

***
The previous contrary statements issued by the USCIS and DHS officials are no longer valid.​***

This means that we can expect that all applications filed with USCIS in the United States by (the 7 countries) will be adjudicated.

In Russian:

​2 февраля 2017 USCIS Директор официально уведомил публику о том, что указ президента о лицах из семи мусульманских стран НЕ распространяется на заявления и петиции, поданные в пределах США в иммиграционную службу USCIS, даже если поданы заявителями из этих 7 стран. Это хорошие новости. Так как даже Asylum офис прекратил рассматривать эти заявления, но они начнут рассматривать заявления как и ранее после такого официального заявления.

P.S. ситуация меняется каждый день. Следует следить за официальными сообщениями.

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CBP


On February 1, 2017, the U.S. Customs & Border Protection (CBP) held a meeting with immigration attorneys in San Francisco, CA:

As reported by San Francisco immigration attorneys in attendance, the CBP provided the following explanations regarding executive order ban:

1) All U.S. Legal Permanent Residents will be let into the U.S. without waivers, as of yesterday (Wed., Feb. 1st) afternoon. This includes U.S. Legal Permanent Residents from the 7 banned countries. (Note: The INA - Immigration & Nationality Act is a federal statute. In Section 212 of the INA, it states that all U.S. Legal Permanent Residents have to be let into the U.S. So, CBP is now complying with the law on this.)

2) All dual citizens will be treated as if from the country they present themselves from (which passport they use). So, if someone has French Citizenship and Iranian Citizenship, and uses their French passport, they should be let into the U.S. If they use their Iranian passport, they will not be let into the U.S.

3) CBP confirmed that officers will search electronic devices and social media of anyone it wants more info. on. They called this one of their tools of investigation.

4) Advance Parole travel permits for DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) will be honored until they are told otherwise, unless it is an individual from 1 of the 7 banned countries.

5) CBP has not heard of and is not aware of any additional countries that will be added to the list of 7. (On 02/02/2017 the US Department of State also released a statement, saying that DoS has no information about any additional countries  being added to the List of 7.)

6) All U.S. Citizens, even with dual citizenship from restricted countries, will be let into the U.S.

7) Airlines have been given instructions by CBP on who to let board airplanes. This does not mean that some airline employees will bar people from boarding that should be allowed to board.

8) Anyone with a medical issue while in primary or secondary inspection will be attended to by paramedics and taken to the hospital if necessary. If inspection is not complete, a CBP officer will go with the individual to the hospital.

P.S. Situation is very fluid, and can change in the future. It's advisable to follow any official announcement by USCIS, CBP, ICE, Department of State.
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Court Order: Every Person in the Possession of a Valid Immigrant Visa Should be Allowed Admission to USA

2/2/2017

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Today, a federal judge in Los Angeles has ruled that CBP and DHS must allow immigrants with already issued IMMIGRANT Visas to enter the United States from seven Muslim-majority nations, despite an executive order ban.

This new court order applies ONLY to immigrant visas, where an immigrant travels to USA on an immigrant visa and upon admission to USA becomes a lawful permanent resident (received a green card aka permanent residency in USA).

As was reported earlier, effective January 27th 2017, the U.S. Department of State "provisionally cancelled" ALL previously issued visas, including immigrant visas, to natives of the "list of seven" countries.

This court order makes it clear that the government must allow admission of lawful immigrants on valid immigrant visas to the United States, notwithstanding the fact that as of January 27th every single visa issued to people from seven countries is considered "conditionally cancelled".


It was also reported today that DHS opened internal investigation into multiple reports of the DHS and CBP employees refusing admission to people from seven countries in violation of the court orders. 

In Russian:

Сегодня судья федерального суда в Лос Анджелесе, Калифорния вынес еще одно решение, ограничивающее указ президента от 27 января 2017, о запрете на въезд в США лиц из семи стран (Ирак, Иран, Сирия, Судан, Сомалия, Йемен и Ливия).

Это решение распространяется на всю страну, не только на Калифорнию.

По решению суда, въезд в США разрешен всем тем иммигрантам, кто получил иммиграционные визы в США из семи стран, названных в указе. Так как по въезде в страну, они становятся постоянными жителями и получают вид на жительство в США.

Иммиграционная полиция и пограничники обязаны впускать в США всех тех, у кого есть иммиграционные визы (не смотря на то, что 27 января 2017 Госдеп США опубликовал меморандум о том, что они "условно аннулировали" ВСЕ до одной визы гражданам из семи стран).


Также сегодня было объявлено, что DHS начал внутреннее расследование среди своих сотрудников, которые отказываются выполнять решения судов и по прежнему отказывают лицам из семи стран во въезде в США.

Источник. read more here.


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Artist Vasya Lozhkin. Картина Васи Ложкина.
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Practice Advisory in Russian: Executive Orders on Immigration: ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ СОВЕТЫ 

2/1/2017

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ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ СОВЕТЫ: ЗНАЙ СВОИ ПРАВА И КРАТКИЙ ОБЗОР УКАЗОВ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА ОБ ИММИГРАЦИИ ОТ 25 И 27 ЯНВАРЯ 2017.

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Ситуация с указами президента меняется каждый день: помните, что информация и законодательство постоянно обновляются, и мы не в состоянии вовремя опубликовать изменения и дополнения на этом блоге. Если вам нужен юридический совет адвоката, свяжитесь с нами по электронной почте и мы договоримся о дате и времени консультации по телефону или через скайп.

После решения федерального судьи о том, что некоторые положения указа президента должны быть приостановлены от 3 февраля 2017, 4 февраля DHS, USCIS, CBP, ICE DOS и все другие департаменты и агенства официально заявили, что они возвращаются к старым процедурам, как это было в силе до подписания указа. И пока указ президента находится на рассмотрении в суде, они не будут его применять.
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25 и 27 января 2017 Президент США Трамп подписал три важных указа, касающихся иммиграции, виз и национальной безопасности страны.
 
Полный текст этих указов можно прочитать по линкам:

  1. Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements (01-25-2017)
  2. Enhancing Security in the Interior of the United States (01-25-2017)
  3. Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States (01-27-2017)

Указ номер 1 касается постройки стены на границе между США и Мексикой.
 
Указ номер 2 касается новых приоритетов в депортации из США, а также изменения во взаимоотношении федерального правительства и так называемых "sanctuary cities", городов, не выдающих нелегальных иммигрантов. Если такие города будут отказываться сотрудничать с федеральными орнанами, и не согласятся передавать им информацию о нелегалах, федеральное правительство угрожает отменой федерального финансирования для некоторых программ. Следует помнить, что это касается только тех программ, которые финансируются федералным правительством США, так как большая часть программ в любом штате финансируется за счет бюджета штата.

Указ номер 3 был подписан и вступил в силу 27 января 2017, и получил самую большую огласку и вызвал шквал негодования и возмущения граждан и политиков как в нутри США, так и за пределами. Указ предусматривает следующее: (1) вводится временный на 90 дней запрет на въезд в США лиц имеющих отношение к семи исламским странам Ближнего Востока (указ не расшифровал, что значит national): Иран, Ирак, Сирия, Судан, Ливия, Йемен и Сомалия; (2) временно на 120 дней приостанавливается въезд беженцев в США изо всех стран мира; (3) на неопределенное время запрещен въезд в США лиц, имеющих отношение к Сирии (важно подчеркнуть, что запрет не ограничен по времени, он относится как к лицам, имеющим гражданство Сирии, так и рожденным там, и может относится к лицам, которые имеют паспорта или travel documents, выданные Сирией, но рожденным в других странах, (4) отменена процедура выдачи виз в США без интервью.

Также в понедельник 30 января 2017 года Иммиграционная Служба США USCIS объявила своим сотрудникам, что на неопределенное время приостанавливается вынесение решений по всем заявлениям и петициям от заявителей из этих семи стран (Иран, Ирак, Сирия, Судан, Ливия, Йемен и Сомалия). Вот это уже очень серьезно. Так как большая часть заявителей находятся в США, и они будут подавать заявления на продление и смену статуса, на получение или продление разрешения на работу, на грин карту, на гражданство и т.п., и USCIS будет вынуждено откладывать их дела "until further notice", так как им запрещено принимать окончательные решения, даже если заявитель успешно прошел интервью (например, на грин карту или гражданство). Пока не понятно, что будет происходить на практике. Скорее всего в течение 2017 года этот запрет будет снят, но конкретной информации пока нет.

Также Госдеп США прекратил выдачу виз гражданам из этих же семи стран (Иран, Ирак, Сирия, Судан, Ливия, Йемен и Сомалия). 27 января 2017 мы получили меморандум из Госдепа о том, что все визы, выданные гражданам этих стран считаются "условно аннулированы" с 27 января.

Запрет на въезд в США относится также к лицам с двойным гражданством. Например, если у вас одно гражданство Ирана и второе Германии, и ранее вы могли ездить в США без визы по Visa Waiver Program по немецкому паспорту, то теперь это невозможно. (2 февраля 2017 Госдеп США опубликовал инструкцию о том, что они продолжают выдавать визы лицам с двойным гражданством, и ставят визу в паспорт той страны, которая не включена в список семи стран).

Запрет на въезд в США по этому указу президента от 27 января 2017 все также относится и к постоянным жителям США (тем, у кого грин карта или вид на жительство в США). За последние дни несколько федеральных судов приняли решения о том, что постоянные жители должны быть допущены в США, но это пока не отменило положение указа. И инструкции от DHS позволяют въезд постоянных жителей, так как это "в национальных интересах" США, что не отменяет сам запрет. Постоянные жители США должны пройти secondary inspection при въезде в США, и доказать, что не являются риском для национальной безопасности.

Если вы имеете вид на жительство США и при въезде в США, сотрудники CBP пытаются отобрать вашу грин карту или не впустить вас в страну, читайте наши практические советы тут.
 
Будьте осторожны, если вы подпадаете под одну из невъездных категорий. Всегда лучше проконсультироваться с адвокатом заранее.

Ожидается еще один указ президента о рабочих визах H-1B visa. Некоторые веб сайты поместили черновик предполагаемого указа. Этот указ внесет изменения в порядок выдачи рабочей визы H-1B и разрешения на работу EAD для супругов H-4. Предполагается, что указ изменит порядок проведения лотереи для виз H-1B, где упор будет делаться на том, получено ли образование в США и какую зарплату готов платить работодатель, а также фокус будет на выдаче рабочих виз "самым лучшим и самым умным" (расшифровка такой нетипичной для юридического документа фразы, я надеюсь, последует когда указ будут подписан).

ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ СОВЕТЫ:

  1. Если вы из одной из семи стран (гражданин, рождены, имеете какое-то другое задокументированное отношение), воздержитесь от поездок в США или от поездок за пределы США в ближайшие 90 дней, или пока указ находится в силе, или вообще на неопределенное время, если вы имеете отношение к Сирии
  2. Если вы постоянный житель США, имеющий отношение к одной из семи стран, воздержитесь от поездок за предеыл США в течение 90 дней или пока указ находится в силе (а если вы из Сирии - то вообще не выезжайте из США, так как запрет на неопределенное время).
  3. Если вы из любой другой мусульманской страны, будьте на чеку. Ваша страна может быть добавлена в "список семи". Возможно, что вам стоит заранее подать какие-то заявления, которые вы откладывали, продлить документы, истекающие в скором будущем.
  4. Если вы из одной из семи стран, и ваше заявление уже находится на рассмотрении в USCIS, будьте готовы к долгому ожиданию, так как они обязаны отложить все такие заявления и им запрещено выносить решения по делу. Теоретически возможно подать иск в федеральный суд, чтобы принудить государство принять решение по вашему делу, но практический совет будет подождать прецедентов и официальных разъяснений от иммиграционной службы.
  5. Визы уже выданные лицам из семи стран были "условно аннулированы" 27 января 2017. Выдача новых виза в настоящий момент приостановлена.
  6. Если вы планируете подать петицию на маму, отца, брата, сестру, детей, жену или мужа - и по настоящим законам вы вправе подать такую петицию, не откладывайте и подавайте петицию. По некоторым сведениям целые визовые категории могут быть отменены, изменены или уменьшены в будущем.
  7. Если вы нелегал, проконсультируйтесь с адвокатом и определитесь, есть ли у вас какие-то варианты.
 
В заключение я хочу добавить, что хотя в большинстве случаев, этот третий указ президента от 27 января 2017 не имеет отношения к лицам из русскоговорящего сообщества в США, но есть и такие, к кому этот указ имеет прямое отношение. Например, если вы родились на территории одной из семи стран, где ваши родители жили, учились или работали, даже если у вас нет гражданства из одной из семи стран, вы подпадаете под действие указа. Например, если вы лицо без гражданства, но ваши документы были выданы Сирией или одной из семи стран, или вы в прошлом постоянно указывали Сирию, Ирак, Иран и т.п. как страну своей национальности -  вы тоже подпадаете под действие указа. Многие положения указа нуждаются в дальнейшей расшифровке и детальном объяснении (например, что такое "лицо имеющее отношение к одной из семи стран"). Такие официальные объяснения обычно публикуются через соответствующие каналы в иммиграционной службе USCIS и через Госдеп США Department of State. Мы будем вас держать в курсе!
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January 2017 Executive Orders on Immigration: Advisory, Know Your Rights

2/1/2017

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On January 25 and 27, 2017, President signed several Executive Orders. Here are the links to full text of three Executive Orders on Immigration:
  1. Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements (01-25-2017)
  2. Enhancing Security in the Interior of the United States (01-25-2017)
  3. Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States (01-27-2017)

Executive Order Number 1
 concerns building a wall along the 2,000 mile border between the US and Mexico.

Executive Order Number 2 would prioritize the deportation or removal of criminals from USA. It would also compel state and local agencies to participate in federal deportation program, by targeting so called Sanctuary Cities, Districts, states. If a sanctuary city doesn't comply, the federal funding can be cut off. Lawsuits are expected to follow. Some jurisdictions, such as, for example, Miami, already declared that they are abolishing their sanctuary city status.

Executive Order Number 3 immediately (1) Implemented a travel ban from seven designated predominantly Muslim countries for 90 days (Iran; Iraq; Libya; Somalia; Sudan; Syria; and Yemen); (2) suspended refugee admissions from all countries of the world for 120 days; (3) indefinitely suspended admission for nationals of Syria, and (4) suspends interview waivers at US consulates abroad.

On Monday January 30, 2017, the USCIS has announced that it will put a hold on all applications and petitions benefitting citizens/nationals of the 7 countries (Iran; Iraq; Libya; Somalia; Sudan; Syria; and Yemen), be they in the US or abroad.  That means that a green card holder from one of seven countries cannot be sworn in as a US citizen, or a work permit can't be approved, or a green card application can't be approved -- even if a person was already interviewed, and there are no issues with the person's background and he/she is otherwise eligible for a green card, work permit, visa or US citizenship. Because a person is a "national" of one of the seven countries, his or her application will be placed on hold "until further notice". 

The US Department of State had stopped issuing any visas to nationals from the seven enumerated countries: Iran; Iraq; Libya; Somalia; Sudan; Syria; and Yemen.

If you are a national of one of the seven countries, even if you were already issued a visa, you are no longer able to travel to USA on a that visa while this ban remains in place. Effective January 27, 2017, US Department of State had "provisionally revoked" all visas issued to the nationals of seven countries (click here to read the DoS memorandum).

Even if a national of one of the seven countries has a passport from another "unrestricted" country (dual citizenship), he or she will not be allowed to travel to USA while the ban is in place.  (Update: on Feb 2, 2017, DOS issued a clarification on dual nationals: "We will continue to issue nonimmigrant and immigrant visas to otherwise eligible visa applicants who apply with a passport from an unrestricted country, even if they hold dual nationality from one of the seven restricted countries.")

The executive order also suspends the “interview waiver” program at US consulates abroad. However, ESTA or the Visa Waiver Program is not directly impacted by the new executive order. The “interview waiver” program is a policy whereby some foreign nationals applying for a renewal of a visa abroad are exempt from an in person interview at US consulates since they have been previously screened. By eliminating the interview waiver program, interview wait times at US consulates will likely increase.

The executive order also suspends all refugee admissions for 120 days and indefinitely suspends admission of Syrian refugees for an undefined amount of time. During the 120 days, government agencies are instructed to implement new procedures to help secure the “national interest.”

Upon resumption of the refugee program, the executive order instructs the government to prioritize admission of Christians over other religions, which will result in more lawsuits to follow.

Yes, the executive order still applies to lawful permanent residents. Please keep in mind that the ban was not cancelled but merely modified as it applies to green card holders nationals of one of the seven enumerated countries. 

As of result of litigation, on Sunday, January 29, 2017 DHS stated that
permanent residents are allowed to board planes and come to the US, but will undergo additional secondary inspection screening upon their entry. The same day DHS issued a statement stating that allowing permanent residents to enter the US on a “case by case basis” is in the “national interest” but that permanent residents will continue to undergo increased interrogation. Even after DHS’ announcement softening how the ban applies to permanent residents, anyone returning from one of the seven designated countries should anticipate increased interrogation, potential detention and long delays when returning from trips abroad.

Please see our previous posts on executive orders on travel ban and about sanctuary cities here.

A draft copy of a 4th unsigned Executive Order entitled “Protecting American Jobs and Workers by Strengthening the Integrity of Foreign Worker Visa Program” was made available at some websites.  This Order would impact the H-1B and H-4 EAD programs, provide for site visits to L-1 employers and expand the E-Verify Program. It will change the way the H-1B Lottery is operated, giving preference to "the best and the brightest" applicants with the degree from the US university and higher salary.

A good article about the H-1B visas could be found here.

ADVISORY or GUIDANCE for Lawful Permanent Residents of USA, Dual Citizens, People with Pending Applications, Workers, Students and Visitors to the United States:
​
  1. If you are from one of the seven countries listed above, do not leave the country unless you do not plan to return to the USA.
  2. If you are a lawful permanent resident (a green card holder) from one of the seven countries, beware that the ban also applies to you. The ban was merely modified by DHS. On 01-29-2017, the DHS clarified that they will allow permanent residents to enter the US on a “case by case basis” is in the “national interest” but that permanent residents will continue to undergo increased interrogation and secondary inspection (therefore, they can be denied re-admission to USA). Read our guidance on what to do if you are being denied admission at the airport and the CBP agent tries to take away your green card.
  3. If you are from a Muslim country, remember that your country also maybe added to the list of the "banned countries" while you are outside of the USA. 
  4. If you are a national from one of the seven countries, and have a visa in your passport, your visa was "provisionally revoked" by the US Dept of State effective 01-27-2017, which means your visa was made invalid and you can't travel to USA.
  5. If you are have a pending application/petition for immigration benefits with USCIS and you are from one of the 7 countries, your application will be placed on hold. At this time, this hold is indefinite or "until further notice". It might be possible to file a Petition for a Writ of Mandamus in Federal Court to try to force the government to take action on your pending application/petition.
  6. If you are from a Muslim country which is not on the List of 7, you may want to file your application for immigration benefits now before your country is added to the list of banned countries.
  7. If you are a green card holder, no matter what country you were born in, you may be wish to apply for naturalization as soon as possible in order to assure that you will be able to travel abroad and can always return to your home in USA in the future.
  8. If you are present in the US on temporary visa and wish to extend or change your status, consult an attorney before filing any application.
  9. If you are undocumented, see an immigration attorney to see if there are any possibilities for you to apply for lawful status.
  10. If you plan to sponsor a relative for a green card, do so immediately as the family-based categories may be severely restricted in the future.
  11. If you are on a temporary working visa and wish to apply for a green card, ask your employer to sponsor you now before it's too late.
  12. If you are a dual citizen from one of the seven countries and any other country (except USA), you are not allowed to travel to USA. (Update: on Feb 2, 2017, DOS issued a clarification on dual nationals: "We will continue to issue nonimmigrant and immigrant visas to otherwise eligible visa applicants who apply with a passport from an unrestricted country, even if they hold dual nationality from one of the seven restricted countries.") 
  13. Even if you are a lawful permanent resident of USA and plan to travel internationally or plan to return to USA after a trip abroad, you should consult an attorney.
  14. The EO also suspends the “interview waiver” program at US consulates abroad. Importantly, ESTA or the Visa Waiver Program is not directly impacted by the new EO. The “interview waiver” program is a policy whereby some foreign nationals applying for a renewal of a visa abroad are exempt from an in person interview at US consulates since they have been previously screened. By eliminating the interview waiver program, interview wait times at US consulates will likely increase.
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What to Do If LPR is Asked to Give Away a Green Card and Sign Form I-407, Abandon LPR Status When Returning to USA

1/30/2017

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KNOW YOUR RIGHTS:

​What to Do If a LPR is Asked to Relinquish Their Green Card and Sign Form I-407, Abandonment of LPR Status When Returning to USA.

​This is a helpful reminder, which became important in light of recent events following an executive order when a number of lawful permanent residents (LPRs) were made to sign Forms I-407, were not allowed into the U.S., and returned to the foreign countries were they came from.

First of all, upon returning to the U.S., Legal Permanent Residents (LPR) should not automatically surrender their green cards if asked to do so.

An individual does not lose LPR status as a result of time abroad. They remain an LPR until a final order of removal is issued by Immigration Court and the government must prove abandonment by clear, unequivocal, and convincing evidence which a higher evidentiary standard than clear and convincing. See Matter of Huang, 19 I&N Dec. 749 (BIA 1988).

Form I-407 must be signed voluntarily and there are no potential negative ramifications for refusing to sign. Neither failure to sign nor abandonment is grounds for detention.

***If a LPR refuses to sign Form I-407 and insists on being admitted to the United States, the CBP officer must issue a Notice to Appear (NTA) so that an immigration judge can determine whether they have lost their LPR status.
When abandonment question is raised, a LPR can offer evidence of the following: their ties to the U.S., the purpose of their visit outside of the U.S., and the expected termination date of the visit abroad or occurrence of facts showing why a date certain is or was not possible. Precedent decision Matter of Kane, 15 I&N Dec. 258 (BIA 1975). The burden of proof at this stage is preponderance of the evidence, which is more likely than not (more than 51%) that you did not abandon your residence in USA. See Matter of Y-G-, 20 I&N Dec. 794 (BIA 1994).

Totality of the circumstances are relevant and must be considered. If the officer is nevertheless, not convinced, you should ask for a hearing before an immigration judge.

***If your green card is confiscated, you must be provided with alternative evidence of their LPR status, such as an I-94 and/or passport stamp that says "Evidence of Temporary Residence."
Abandonment of residence is not a ground of inadmissibility. Thus, the basis for the NTA is violation of INA §237(a)(1)(A) for being inadmissible at the time of admission because LPRs travel abroad and reenter the U.S. as "special immigrants" per INA §101(a)(27).

A LPR who is placed in removal proceedings, doesn't lose his or her status until a final order of removal is issued by Immigration Judge. See 8 CFR §1.2 (defining "lawfully admitted for permanent resident"). Read more at AILA Doc. No. 17012960.

In Russian:

ЗНАЙ СВОИ ПРАВА:

ЧТО ДЕЛАТЬ, ЕСЛИ ВЫ ПОСТОЯННЫЙ ЖИТЕЛЬ США (У ВАС ГРИН КАРТА), И НА ВЪЕЗДЕ В США, СОТРУДНИК ИММИГРАЦИОННОЙ СЛУЖБЫ ПЫТАЕТСЯ ОТОБРАТЬ ВАШУ ГРИН КАРТУ, ЗАСТАВЛЯЕТ ВАС ПОДПИСАТЬ ФОРМУ I-407, И ПЫТАЕТСЯ ВЫДВОРИТЬ ВАС ИЗ СТРАНЫ.

Полезная памятка для грин карт холдеров (постоянных жителей США), которые возвращаются в США и которых принуждают к отказу от грин карты и сдаче грин карты прямо в аэропорту сотруднику CBP. Эта ситуация случается нередко в аэропортах, но в последнее время требования к отказу участились, и нередко без веских оснований.

Помните, что если вас принуждают к подписи на форме I-407, Отказ от грин карты, вы не обязаны ее подписывать. Если вы не согласны и не хотите лишаться вида еа жительство в США, то не подписывайте эту форму.

Если сотрудник CBP продолжает настаивать, что вы потеряли свое резиденство (вид на жительство) в США, например, из-за длительного отсутствия за пределами США (более года), или потому, что вы являетесь лицом родившимся или имеющим паспорт из одной из семи стран на Ближнем Востоке, указанных в недавнем указе президента от 27 января 2017 г  - то они должны вас все же впустить в страну и выписать форму NTA, приглашение на явку в иммиграционный суд США, куда они должны передать ваше дело для решения вопроса о том, потеряли ли вы статус постоянного жителя или нет.

Помните, что хотя существует презумпция, что статус "автоматически" теряется после более одного года, проведенного за границей, но на самом деле все не так уж автоматически. Государство должно это доказать, и у вас есть право на доказательство своей правоты в иммиграционном суде США. Только судья может принять решение  том, чтобы отобрать у вас грин карту, а не сотрудник в аэропорту (естественно, вы можете решить отказаться от своей грин карты и добровольно ее отдать и подписать форму I-407).

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Executive Order: 90-day Visa Ban and Travel Ban Applies to Dual Citizens, to LPR Permanent Residents

1/29/2017

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Full text of January 27 2017 executive order "PROTECTING THE NATION FROM FOREIGN TERRORIST ENTRY INTO THE UNITED STATES" can be found here.

Update from DHS 01-29-2017:

STATEMENT BY DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SECRETARY JOHN KELLY ON THE ENTRY OF LAWFUL PERMANENT RESIDENTS INTO THE UNITED STATES
WASHINGTON – In applying the provisions of the president's executive order, I hereby deem the entry of lawful permanent residents to be in the national interest.
Accordingly, absent the receipt of significant derogatory information indicating a serious threat to public safety and welfare, lawful permanent resident status will be a dispositive factor in our case-by-case determinations.
------------------------------

Updated 01-29-2017: Importantly, however, Lawful Permanent Residents of the United States traveling on a valid I-551 (aka Green Card) will be allowed to board U.S. bound aircraft and will be assessed for exceptions at arrival ports of entry, as appropriate.  The entry of these individuals, subject to national security checks, is in the national interest. Therefore, we expect swift entry for these individuals.

​Read here 
https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/01/29/protecting-nation-foreign-terrorist-entry-united-states
​---------------------------------------------

The 90-day visa moratorium and ban on entry to USA extends beyond just citizens of Iraq, Iran, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Libya and Yemen, the US Dept of State officials said. It also applies to DUAL citizens.

For example, if you are holding an Italian or UK passport, and normally can travel to USA without a visa on a Visa Waiver program, now under the new executive order, you will not be able to travel on your second European passport if you are also a national of one of the seven enumerated nations.

New executive order also applies to lawful permanent residents of the United States.

Please note that even if you have a green card and happen to be a native/national of one of the enumerated counties - stay put and avoid international travel for the next 90 days because you may not be allowed to return home to the US after a trip abroad.

Google said more than 100 employees who were out of the country on vacation or work assignments are subject to the order and afraid they won't be able to return to USA using their green cards or visas.

As per decision of federal judge of January 28, 2017, "there is imminent danger that, absent the stay of removal, there will be substantial and irreparable injury to refugees, visa-holders, and other individuals from nations subject" to Trump's order.

The federal judge ruled in favor of a habeas corpus petition filed by attorneys of  two Iraqis. 

Text of the habeas corpus petition can be found here.


Exception: The dual-citizenship ban doesn’t apply to U.S. citizens who are also citizens of the seven nations enumerated in executive order, and to holders of diplomatic passports.
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“Travelers who have nationality or dual nationality of one of these countries will not be permitted for 90 days to enter the United States or be issued an immigrant or nonimmigrant visa,” a State Department official said. “Those nationals or dual nationals holding valid immigrant or nonimmigrant visas will not be permitted to enter the United States during this period. Visa interviews will generally not be scheduled for nationals of these countries during this period.”

January 29, 2017 DHS Press Release in response to recent litigation regarding the president's executive orders:
"The Department of Homeland Security will continue to enforce all of President Trump’s Executive Orders in a manner that ensures the safety and security of the American people. President Trump’s Executive Orders remain in place—prohibited travel will remain prohibited, and the U.S. government retains its right to revoke visas at any time if required for national security or public safety. President Trump’s Executive Order affects a minor portion of international travelers, and is a first step towards reestablishing control over America's borders and national security...
The Department of Homeland Security will comply with judicial orders; faithfully enforce our immigration laws, and implement President Trump’s Executive Orders to ensure that those entering the United States do not pose a threat to our country or the American people."

You can read full text here. 

On the same day, January 29, 2017, the CEOs of Google, Twitter, Facebook and Apple all issued statements condemning the ban and complaining that the order was pushed through so quickly it left great uncertainty about the status of some of their best employees.

In Russian:

В соответствии с указом президента от 27 января 2017 запрет на въезд в США на 90 дней распространяется не только на граждан Сирии, Ирака, Ирана, Ливии, Судана и Йемена, НО и на людей с ДВОЙНЫМ ГРАЖДАНСТВОМ.

Например, если у вас есть второе гражданство и паспорт Германии, Англии, Италии, и обычно вам не нужна виза на въезд в США, то по новым правилам вы не сможете въехать в США, т.к. вам будет отказано во въезде на основании того, что у вас есть второе гражданство из одной из стран, названных в указе.

Также запрет распространяется на постоянных жителей США (людей с грин картами), которые являются гражданами или выходцами из стран, названных в указе.

Решение федерельного судьи от 28 января 2017, ограничило применение указа по отношении тех лиц, которые уже въехали в США и находятся в аэропортах, или летят в США на борту самолета. Эта ситуация быстро меняется и ожидаются новые решения федеральных судей по конституционости нового указа.


Посольства и консульства США уже перестали выдавать любые визы гражданам из этих стран, и советуют не приходить на интервью даже если вам было назначено и вы заплатили за визу и интервью, т.к. вам откажут в визе.


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Automatic extension of work permit EAD for 180 days if I-765 filed while previous work permit still valid

1/27/2017

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On January 17, 2017, a new rule requiring automatic extension of a work permit for additional 180 days after the expiration date was published at Federal Register.

Federal Register: "Finally provide additional stability and certainty to U.S. employers and individuals eligible for employment authorization in the United States, this final rule changes several DHS regulations governing the processing of applications for employment authorization.

First, to minimize the risk of any gaps in employment authorization, this final rule automatically extends the validity of Employment Authorization Documents (EADs or Forms I-766) in certain circumstances based on the timely filing of EAD renewal applications." 


Concurrently, DHS eliminates the regulatory provisions that require adjudication of the Application for Employment Authorization (Form I-765 or EAD application) within 90 days of filing and that authorize interim EADs in cases where such adjudications are not conducted within the 90-day timeframe.

See final 8 CFR 247a.13(d).

17 января 2017 в Федеральном Регистре были опубликованы изменения в процедуру продления разрешения на работу. Это было сделано бывшей администрацией президента. 

Новое правило установило порядок автоматическое продление срока действия разрешения на работу на 180 дней, пока ваше заявление на продление находится на рассмотрении, учитывая, что подано вовремя до истечения срока действия предыдущего разрешения на работу. 

В соответствии с новым правилом, после подачи заявления в USCIS на продление разрешения на работу, форма USCIS I-765, пока заявление рассматривается, заявителям пришлют по почте форму нового образца (форма I-797), которая будет автоматически продлевать предыдущее разрешение на работу на 180 дней.

Полный перечень заявителей, на которых распространяются эти правила внизу.

List of the work permit renewal applicants, who are authorized automatic 180-day extension:


1) Aliens admitted as refugees (274a.12(a)(3))
2) Aliens granted asylum (274a.12(a)(3))
3) Aliens admitted as parents or dependent children of aliens granted permanent residence under section 101(a)(27)(I) of the INA (274a.12(a)(7))
4) Aliens admitted to the United States as citizens of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, or Palau under agreements between the United States and those nations (274a.12(a)(8))
5) Aliens granted withholding of deportation or removal (274a.12(a)(10))
6) Aliens granted Temporary Protected Status (TPS) (regardless of the employment authorization category on their current EADs) (274a.12(a)(12) and (c)(19))
7) Aliens who have properly filed applications for TPS and who have been deemed prima facie eligible for TPS under 8 CFR 244.10(a) and have received an EAD as a “temporary treatment benefit” under 8 CFR 244.10(e) and 274a.12(c)(19)
8) Aliens who have properly filed applications for asylum or withholding of deportation or removal (274a.12(c)(8))
9) Aliens who have filed applications for adjustment of status under section 245 of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1255 (274a.12(c)(9))
10) Aliens who have filed applications for suspension of deportation under section 244 of the INA (as it existed prior to April 1, 1997), cancellation of removal under section 240A of the INA, or special rule cancellation of removal under section 309(f)(1) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (274a.12(c)(10))
11) Aliens who have filed applications for creation of record of lawful admission for permanent residence (274a.12(c)(16))
12) Aliens who have properly filed legalization applications pursuant to section 210 of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1160 (274a.12(c)(20))
13) Aliens who have properly filed legalization applications pursuant to section 245A of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1255a (274a.12(c)(22))
14) Aliens who have filed applications for adjustment of status pursuant to section 1104 of the LIFE Act (274a.12(c)(24))
15) Aliens who are the principal beneficiaries or qualified children of approved VAWA self-petitioners, under the employment authorization category “(c)(31)”

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New Executive Order Threatens Sanctuary Cities by Cutting Off Federal Funding

1/27/2017

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​What is a Sanctuary city or a county? Sanctuary cities or counties offer safe harbor for undocumented immigrants who might otherwise be deported by federal immigration law enforcement officials, and refuse to participate in federal efforts to deport city's or county's residents without a proper warrant.  Usually, police in a sanctuary city is not interested in immigration status of people arrested or detained, or refuse to honor ICE "detainer" (request "to hold" an alien for ICE without a proper warrant).
There are approximately 140 sanctuary jurisdictions -- cities and counties -- across the U.S., including at least 37 cities -- San Francisco, New York, Chicago, Seattle, Boston and Los Angeles, among others. 

You can view a Map of Sanctuary cities, counties and states here .

Новый указ президента от 25 января 2017, касающийся прекращения федерального финансирования городов и округов в США, которые не выдают нелегальных иммигрантов иммиграционной полиции без ордера - Sanctuary Cities and Counties. Read in Russian below.

On Wednesday, January 25, 2017, President Trump signed an executive order that would withhold federal grant money from sanctuary cities.

"Jurisdictions that willfully refuse to comply with federal immigration laws," the order says, “are not eligible to receive Federal grants, except as deemed necessary for law enforcement purposes by the attorney general or the secretary."

Many mayors, including Chicago, Bay Area's largest cities, Oakland, San Francisco and San Jose, and the City of Berkeley said they’d defy the order.

However, this Executive Order scared many city officials who are afraid to lose federal funding for their programs. A day after president signed the order, Miami-Dade County Mayor ordered officials to abandon a sanctuary city status, and ordered county jails to begin complying with federal immigration detention demands, becoming the first mayor to abandon the sanctuary status over the fear that his city would lose millions in federal funds. 

The Executive Order does not specify how much or what kind of funding would be or could be blocked, although White House press secretary said that the homeland security secretary would “look at funding streams that are going to those cities and look at how we can defund those streams.”

Just a bit of statistics. In 2016, a Justice Department inspector general’s report investigated how much in Justice Department federal grants some sanctuary jurisdictions receive (as of Mar. 2016). Over 60 percent of the funding goes to 10 jurisdictions identified by the report:
  • Connecticut: $69,305,444
  • California $132,409,635
  • Orleans Parish, Louisiana: $4,737,964
  • New York, New York: $60,091,942
  • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: $16,505,312
  • Cook County, Illinois: $6,018,544
  • Chicago, Illinois: $28,523,222
  • Miami-Dade County, Florida: $10,778,815
  • Milwaukee, Wisconsin: $7,539,572
  • Clark County, Nevada: $6,257,951

As reported by The Hill, new Executive Order on sanctuary cities is unlikely to threaten their federal funding.

Sec. 9 of the Order clarifies that “sanctuary jurisdictions” are those that “willfully refuse to comply with 8 U.S.C. 1373.” The administration intends to withhold Federal grants from those jurisdictions, “except as deemed necessary for law enforcement purposes,” and from any that have a policy that “prevents or hinders the enforcement of Federal law."

In fact, the EO is extremely narrow in scope, and the many reports of cities like Boston and Los Angeles being under threat of losing millions of dollars are simply wrong.

8 U.S.C. 1373 bans state and local policies that prohibit the sharing of information with the federal government about the immigration status of an individual.

However, while there is no uniform set of actions being implemented by sanctuary cities, few, if any, have policies in place that actually conflict with this particular federal law. Instead, they generally do one of two things, or both:
1) Ban law enforcement from asking a person about their immigration status.
2) Prohibit keeping a person in jail beyond the time they’re required to be there upon receipt of a federal immigration detainer request.
Number one basically creates an end-run. This won’t trigger a withdrawal of federal funds under 8 U.S.C. 1373 because agencies can’t share information they don’t have.
Number two has already proven to be particularly troublesome for the federal government, and will likely continue to be so.

Sec. 7 of his order calls for the hiring of 10,000 additional ICE immigration officers.
It is important to keep in mind that under the anti-commandeering doctrine, the Supreme Court has long-held that the federal government cannot force state or local governments to implement or enforce federal laws or regulatory programs.

For example, in the 1842 case, Prigg v. Pennsylvania, the Court held that while the federal Fugitive Slave Act could not be physically impeded by states, they simply weren’t required to help the federal government capture runaway slaves and return them to bondage in the South.

And in the 2012 case, N.F.I.B v. Sebelius, the Court held that states can’t be forced to expand their Medicaid programs, even under the threat of losing federal funding, as the Affordable Care Act attempted to do.

Sec. 8 of new EO explains how the new administration intends to do so: the federal government intends to “empower State and local law enforcement agencies … to perform the functions of an immigration officer.” To achieve that goal the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is directed to work with governors and local officials to “enter into agreements” to perform federal immigration enforcement duties. The order also includes a big caveat, the agreements will be made “with the consent of State or local officials, as appropriate.”

In short, while Trump is certainly ramping up the pressure to fulfill campaign promises to take on “sanctuary cities,” should cities and states hold fast in their policies, they’ll likely come out on top in court, and on the ground. 

 Briefly in Russian:
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Новый указ президента от 25 января 2017, касающийся прекращения федерального финансирования городов и округов в США, которые не выдают нелегальных иммигрантов иммиграционной полиции без ордера - Sanctuary Cities and Counties.

25 января 2017 новый президент подписал указ о прекращении федерального финансирования некоторых программ в тех городах и округах США, которые отказываются выдавать нелегальных иммигрантов полиции.

Что такое город или округ, кторый не выдает нелагальных иммигрантов федеральной иммиграционной полиции США? Как именно они это делают?

В США около 140 городов и округов, которые считаются sanctuary cities. Карта таких городов может быть найдена тут.  Например, Чикаго, Сан Франциско, Сиэттл, Бостон, Лос Анджелес.

По некоторым данным, даже округ Дуглас, в котором находится город Омаха, штат Небраска, а также Сарпи округ и Ланкастер округ все они в настоящий момент являются такими округами.

Но Мэр города Омаха и прокурор округа Ланкастер сразу же после выхода нового указа выступили с заявлением, что город Омаха не является sanctuary city, и поэтому новый указ президента на Омаху не распространяется, и в результате город не должен потерять никаких федеральных грантов.

Как города о округа поддерживают такой статус и зачем это нужно?

Полиция в таких городах считает, что их основная работа - это борьба с преступностью и обеспечение порядка. И в их обязанности не входит выяснение иммиграционного статуса (или отсутствие статуса/визы) у нарушителей закона (например, при обычной остановке водителя за нарушение правил). То есть полиция в таких городах просто этих вопросов не задает задержанным лицам.

Или же второй вариант, полиция и тюрьмы в таких городах и округах отказываются держать в заключении иностранца (за счет города) после того, как его срок задержания под стражей истек, и если иммиграционная полиция вместе с дитейнером (запросом "подержать этого гражданина под стражей подольше для ICE") не получила официальный ордер на арест и задержание.

Это конституционная норма, что отдельные штаты не могут устанавливать свои иммиграционные законы (это прерогатива федерального правительства), и как следствие, во многих случаях штаты и города не обязаны помогать федеральному правительству с депортацией иммигрантов (так как это дело федеральных органов власти и полиции).

Суть нового указа президента заключается в том, что хотя федеральное правительство США не имеет право заставить отдельные штаты помогать им в области иммиграции и депортации, НО они пытаются принудить города и штаты к сотрудничеству, путем угрозы удержания федерального финансирования. ​

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TSA Notifies of Upcoming January 2018 REAL ID Airport Enforcement

1/19/2017

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TSA to Notify Travelers of Upcoming 2018 REAL ID Airport Enforcement.

Beginning January 22, 2018 TSA will start enforcing REAL ID requirements at all airport security checkpoints, meaning that travelers seeking to use their state-issued driver’s license or identification card for boarding commercial aircraft may only use such documents if they are issued by a REAL ID compliant state or a non-compliant state with an extension.

Effective January 22, 2018, TSA will only accept state-issued driver’s licenses or identification cards if they are issued by a REAL ID compliant state or a non-compliant state with an extension. As always, travelers may use alternate forms of identification such as a passport, military ID, or permanent resident card. A complete list of identification documents accepted at TSA checkpoints is available on tsa.gov and at dhs.gov here.

The REAL ID Act, passed by Congress in 2005, establishes the minimum security standards for state-issued driver’s licenses and identification cards.

List of acceptable ID documents: 

IdentificationAdult passengers 18 and over must show valid identification at the airport checkpoint in order to travel. TSA does not require children under 18 to provide identification when traveling with a companion within the United States. Contact the airline for questions regarding specific ID requirements for travelers under 18.
  • Driver's licenses or other state photo identity cards issued by Department of Motor Vehicles (or equivalent)
  • U.S. passport
  • U.S. passport card
  • DHS trusted traveler cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, FAST)
  • U.S. military ID (active duty or retired military and their dependents, and DoD civilians)
  • Permanent resident card
  • Border crossing card
  • DHS-designated enhanced driver's license
  • Airline or airport-issued ID (if issued under a TSA-approved security plan)
  • Federally recognized, tribal-issued photo ID
  • HSPD-12 PIV card
  • Foreign government-issued passport
  • Canadian provincial driver's license or Indian and Northern Affairs Canada card
  • Transportation worker identification credential
  • U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Employment Authorization Card (I-766), work permit
  • U.S. Merchant Mariner Credential
ID requirements at the checkpoint will change beginning Jan. 22, 2018.
You can check if your state and your driver's license is in compliance with federal Real ID Act here.

Briefly in Russian:

Сегодня TSA напомнила, что начиная с 22 января 2018 года в аэропортах в США TSA будут принимать только те водительские права, которые выданы штатами США, полностью в соответствии с требованиями закона Real ID Act или теми штатами, кторые получили отсрочку.

Некоторые штаты США до сих пор выдают водительские права, которые не соответствуют требованиям этого закона. Тем кто путешествуют по таким "несоответствующим" водительским правам после 22 января 2018 г будет отказано в посадке на рейс в аэророрту.

Список штатов, водительские права которых соответствуют Real ID Act, штатов, которые получили отсрочку, или штатов, которые до сих пор не соответствуют закону - тут по ссылке.

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AAO case: Once U visa is granted, any prior or reinstated removal order in cancelled

1/19/2017

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AAO issued a decision in a case involving grant of U visa, I-918 approval, where a U visa applicant had a previous deportation or removal order reinstated after second illegal entry.

In the new case decided on 01-12-2017, AAO held that once USCIS grants U nonimmigrant status to an individual, any prior or reinstated exclusion, deportation, or removal order is CANCELLED by operation of law. 8 C.F.R. § 214.14(c)(5)(i ).

Accordingly, it is not proper to subsequently revoke U nonimmigrant status based on a reinstated order that was issued prior to the approval of the U petition.

See full text of the decision here.

Briefly in Russian:

12 января 2017 Офис Административных апелляций по иммиграционным делам США вынес решение по делу выдачи визы для жертвы преступления, U виза, которая также имела ордер о депортации, и нелегально въехала в США после депортации, из-за чего старый ордер о депортации был восстановлен.

​ААО принял решение, что если иммиграционная служба США утвердила визу U для жертвы преступления, то все предыдушие ордеры о депортации автоматически аннулируются, и она не может быть депортирована из США.

Текст судебного решения тут.
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USCIS updated forms I-485, I-765, I-129, I-140

1/19/2017

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On January 17, 2017, USCIS updated the following USCIS form(s):

- Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status
New edition dated 01/17/17. Starting 02/21/17, USCIS will only accept the 01/17/17 edition. Until then, you can use previous editions. However, all filings postmarked 12/23/16 or later must include the new fees or we will reject them.
- Form I-485 Supplement A to Form I-485, Adjustment of Status Under Section 245(i)
New edition dated 01/17/17. Starting 02/21/17, USCIS will only accept the 01/17/17 edition.
- Form I-129, Petition for a Nonimmigrant Worker
New edition dated 01/17/17. Previous editions dated 12/23/16, 08/13/15, 03/26/15 and 10/23/14 are also accepted. However, all filings postmarked 12/23/16 or later must include the new fees or we will reject them.
- Form I-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker
New edition dated 01/17/17. Starting 02/21/17, USCIS will only accept the 01/17/17 edition.
- Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization
New edition dated 01/17/17. Starting 02/21/17, USCIS will only accept the 01/17/17 edition.

Briefly in-Russian: 

17 января 2017 иммиграционная служба США обновила формы нескольких важных иммиграционных заявлений, включая заявление на грин карту I-485 и на разрешение на работу I-765 (а также I-129, I-140 etc). Старые формы действительны только по 21 февраля 2017. Рекомендуется использовать новые формы, не дожидаясь февраля, и не забывать о том, что суммы госпошлин тоже поменялись 23 декабря 2016. Новые формы уже опубликованы на вебсайте иммиграционной службы.

You can see all current and valid USCIS immigration forms and filing fees here.
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USCIS Published a Final Rule: International Entrepreneur Rule

1/17/2017

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On January 17, 2017, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) published a final rule International Entrepreneur Rule or "Startup Parole" to improve the ability of certain foreign start-up founders to begin growing their companies within the United States.

Under this final rule, DHS may use its "PAROLE" authority to grant a "Startup Parole", or a period of authorized stay, on a case-by-case basis, to foreign entrepreneurs who demonstrate that their stay in the United States would provide a significant public benefit through the potential for rapid business growth and job creation.

The new rule effective date is July 17, 2017, which is 180 days after its publication in the Federal Register.

This final rule adds a new section 8 CFR 212.19 to provide guidance with respect to the use of parole for entrepreneurs of start-up entities based upon significant public benefit. 


DHS estimates that 2,940 entrepreneurs will be eligible under this rule annually. Eligible entrepreneurs may be granted a stay of up to 30 months, with the possibility to extend the period by up to 30 additional months if they meet certain criteria, in the discretion of DHS.

Under this final rule, eligibility may be extended to up to three entrepreneurs per start-up entity, as well as spouses and children. Entrepreneurs granted stays will be eligible to work only for their start-up business. Their spouses may apply for work authorization in the United States, but their children will not be eligible.An applicant would need to demonstrate that he or she meets the following criteria to be considered under this rule:
  • The applicant possesses a substantial ownership interest in a start-up entity created within the past five years in the United States that has substantial potential for rapid growth and job creation.
  • The applicant has a central and active role in the start-up entity such that the applicant is well-positioned to substantially assist with the growth and success of the business.
  • The applicant can prove that his or her stay will provide a significant public benefit to the United States based on the applicant’s role as an entrepreneur of the start-up entity by:
    • Showing that the start-up entity has received a significant investment of capital from certain qualified U.S. investors with established records of successful investments;
    • Showing that the start-up entity has received significant awards or grants for economic development, research and development, or job creation (or other types of grants or awards typically given to start-up entities) from federal, state or local government entities that regularly provide such awards or grants to start-up entities; or
Showing that they partially meet either or both of the previous two requirements and providing additional reliable and compelling evidence of the start-up entity’s substantial potential for rapid growth and job creation.

Briefly in Russian:


Стартап Пароль или Виза на 30 месяцев для предпринимателей в США.
17 января 2017, Иммиграционная служба США (USCIS / DHS) опубликовала новый Закон по поощрению предпринимательства и стартапов в США.

Иностранным бизнесменам и предпринимателям открывающим новый бизнес в США (и членам семей - супругам и детям) будет предоставлятся Пароль (разрешение на въезд и проживание в США сроком на 30 месяцев с продлением, разрешение на работу для предпринимателя и его супруга(-и), но не детей).

Закон вступает в силу 17 июля 2017 года.

Новый статус Пароль для предпринимателей стартапа будут доступен лицам, чьи стартапы были сформированы в течение последних 5 лет, при условии что данный инвестор продолжает играть в нем “центральную и активную роль”. 

Одна стартап компания сможет получить пароли не более, чем на 3-х своих иностранных учредителей (плюс члены их семей). 

Супруги предпринимателя
будут иметь право подать заявление на разрешение на работу, и смогут работать в любом бизнесе или организации, а не только в стартапе. Сам предприниматель имеет право только руководить и работать в своем стартапе. Дети предпринимателя не имеют право на работу, находясь в США по этому паролю.

Госпошлина в USCIS за подачу заявления на такой Пароль составит US$1,200.

Предприниматель должен владеть не менее чем 10% от стартапа, при этом показать, что стартап имеет потенциал для быстрого роста и создания новых рабочих мест. Это показывается:

А) наличием американского инвестора, который инвестировал от US$250,000 в стартап, или
В) получением государственных грантов от US$100,000; или
С) частично # А или # В выше с предоставлением "убедительных доказательств", что стартап обеспечит «значительный положительный эффект для общества" в США.

Предприниматель сможет продлить Пароль по истечении 30 месяцев, если он докажет, что стартап создал как минимум 5 рабочих мест, соответствующим требованиям закона, и его доля в стартапе не упала ниже 5 процентов.

​Все детали внизу по линку.


​​You can read the new rule in the Federal Register or download the PDF file here.​


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Under a new bill, a crime of domestic violence will no longer be a crime in Russia

1/12/2017

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Россия собирается изменить закон в отношении наказания за домашнее насилие в семье - domestic violence law. Законопроект был одобрен в первом чтении: 368 за, 1 против, 1 воздержался.

Закон предлагает изменить классификацию домашнего насилия из преступления (которое влечет за собой уголовную ответственность и судимость) на рядовое административное правонарушение (за которое полагается только штраф). 


То есть если муж избивает жену в России, ему можно будет не бояться уголовной ответственности и судимости, т.к. максимальное наказание административный штраф. 

По английски:
A bill decriminalizing crime of domestic violence has passed its first reading in Russia's State Duma. 
​

368 lawmakers voted in favor of the law, with one voting against, and one abstained from the vote.
​

If passed, the bill will remove the charge of "battery within families" from Russia's 
Criminal Code, downgrading it to a simple administrative offense. Criminal charges would be brought only against offenders if beatings took place (and were reported to police) more than once a year. Other offenders will have to pay fine, as a crime of domestic violence will no longer be classified as a crime in Russia.

​Read more here.



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USCIS, DHS, NVC and DoS useful links, forms, fees and contact details

1/11/2017

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​Полезная информация (контакты, даты, сроки, как с ними связаться) об иммиграционной службе США, Национальном Визовом Центре, офисах по политубежищу, посольствам и консульствам США.
​

USCIS or DHS
 website where you can find USCIS contact number, webforms and download all applications and forms for free is here.

USCIS Case Status: you can check status of your pending case online here.

USCIS Processing Times: you can see how fast cases are being adjudicated or decided by different USCIS / DHS offices around the United States here.

USCIS Change of Address Form Online: you can submit your change of address form online here.

USCIS Case Inquiry Webforms: you can submit your questions or case inquiry directly to USCIS by using one of the webforms here.

How to find USCIS field offices, ASC Application Support Centers, Asylum officers - use USCIS Officer Locator here.

How to Find a Medical Doctor for a USCIS I-693 Medical Examination - use USCIS Designated Doctor Locator. 

How to verify if a particular USCIS office is open or closed due to bad weather or other circumstances - use USCIS Office Closings Daily Bulletin, which is updated daily. 

USCIS International Offices Processing Times - use this link to find out current processing times at USCIS offices located overseas.


Asylum Office Scheduling Bulletin is posted by Asylum Office here.

US Department of State Monthly Visa Bulletin: you can find monthly visa bulletin and check how fast your priority date is progressing here.

NVC National Visa Center contact information - if you need to contact NVC regarding a pending case.


You can find out current Visa Fees for various visas to USA here.

Know Your Rights: What to do during the ICE or immigration raid at work, at home, in a public place; what questions you must answer and when you shall remain current. Download a PDF file in English here. 

To schedule a consultation with an experienced immigration attorney who speaks English and Russian, please email us to schedule.

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Warning: use only official government websites when applying for a visa to USA

1/9/2017

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​Warning: Please beware of scammers pretending to be U.S. government, or USCIS or US embassy or consulate officials, and using @usa.com email addresses.

Usa.com
 is NOT an official government website - even if it has USA in it. If you receive an email from someone using @usa.com email address, please keep in mind that they are not affiliated with the U.S. government. Govemnte officials use email addresses @gov not @com.

Government websites and email addresses use .gov, and very rarely some affiliated websites use .com (for example, a website to register a passport and schedule a date of a visa interview).

​You can see the list of the most common immigration scams here. 


In Russian: 

Не доверяйте скаммерам, притворяющимся сотрудниками иммиграционной службы США или посольства США, которые связываются с вами с адресов @usa.com или подобных .com адресов -- помните, что если адрес заканчивается на .com - это частный емейл сервер, частная компания или фирма, а не государственная служба.

Официальные вебсайты иммиграционной службы США или посольства США используют официальные емейл адреса, заканчивающиеся на gov. Официальный вебсайт иммиграционной службы США USCIS -
www.uscis.gov .  Главный официальный вебсайт Госдепартамента США - www.state.gov , и все американских посольства и консульства имеют официальные вебсайты. Также подача заявлений на визы в США и регистрация паспортов для виз осуществляется ТОЛЬКО через официальные вебсайты Госдепа США. Большинство вебсайтов заканчиваются на .gov, и только некоторые на .com - например, для получения инструкций, дат собеседования и регистрации паспортов - http://www.ustraveldocs.com .

Не попадайтесь на удочку мошенников! 

Вы можете почитать о наиболее распространенных мошеннических схемах в области иммиграции и как их распознать на официальном вебсайте США тут. 
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Belarus opens its borders: a 5-day visa-free entry for citizens of 80 countries

1/9/2017

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02/02/2017 UPDATE:

C 7 февраля 2017 года ФСБ России вводит режим пограничной зоны вдоль границы с Белоруссией. 
​
Пределы пограничной зоны устанавливаются в Брянской, Смоленской и Псковской областях вдоль белорусской границы. Приказы главы ФСБ вступают в силу 7 февраля 2017. Сами документы датированы 29 декабря.

Как известно, в феврале 2017 года в Белоруссии начинает действовать безвизовый режим для граждан 80 стран, включая весь Евросоюз и США. Новые правила будут применяться только к туристам, прибывающим в Белоруссию не более чем на пять суток.

Власти Белоруссии подчеркивали, что новый порядок не будет распространяться на лиц, намеревающихся осуществить вылет в аэропорты России, и лиц, прилетающих из российских аэропортов. Пограничный контроль на таких рейсах сейчас не осуществляется.

О введении Белоруссией безвизового режима было объявлено 9 января 2017. Через неделю белорусские СМИ сообщили о том, что на рейсах из Минска в Москву во всех аэропортах прилета начали проверять пас​порта.

​Read more here. 

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​
Belarus signed a new law: effective February 9, 2017, citizens of 80 countries, including USA, Canada, EU, Japan, can visit Belarus for up to 5 days without a visa, visa-free, if arriving in Belarus at Minsk International Airport. Effective date is Feb 9, 2017.

This is a very welcome news for many Americans, citizens of Poland, EU and many other countries, who can now visit their families in Belarus without having to apply for a visitor's visa.

Беларусь вводит пятидневный безвизовый режим для граждан 80 стран, включая граждан США, Канада, Евросоюз, Япония, при условии, что они прилетают в Беларусь через международный аэропорт в Минске и имеют медстраховку.

​Официальный источник - офис Президента - 
http://president.gov.by/ru/news_ru/view/belarus-vvodit-pjatidnevnyj-bezvizovyj-rezhim-dlja-grazhdan-80-stran-15342/
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10-year multiple entry B1 B2 visa to USA for citizens of Kazakhstan

1/5/2017

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Starting on December 29, 2016, citizens of Kazakhstan applying for a B1/B2 visitor, tourist or business visa to USA at the U.S. Embassy or Consulates in Kazakhstan will be able to receive a 10-year multiple entry visa.  

Simultaneously, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan introduced ten-year validity visas for U.S. business and tourism visitors to Kazakhstan.

In addition, starting January 1, 2017, U.S. citizens visiting Kazakhstan for 30 days or less can do so without a visa. Starting January 1, citizens of EU and OECD countries, as well as Malaysia, Monaco, the United Arab Emirates, and Singapore could also travel to Kazakhstan for up to 30 days without a visa.

(
Last month, Uzbekistan introduced visa-free travel for citizens from 27 countries).

The cost to apply for a business or tourism visa remains the same, US$160.

Full information on the visa application process is available here. 

Read more here.

In Russian: С 29 декабря 2016 граждане Казахстана, подающие заявления на гостевые, туристические или бизнес визы в США смогут получить многократные визы, действительные на 10 лет.

Стоимость 10-летней визы остается таже - 160 долларов США.

С 1 января 2017 года, граждане США временно посещающие Казахстан на срок до 30 дней, смогут сделать это без визы (безвизовый режим). Также, граждане США смогут получить 10-летнюю многократную гостевую или бизнес визу в Казахстан.
 
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New NIW Test National Interest Waiver under Dhanasar precedent by AAO

1/4/2017

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On December 27, 2016,  the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security has designated as precedential the USCIS Administrative Appeals Office’s (AAO) decision in Matter of Dhanasar.  This precedent decision vacated the previous precedent, NYSDOT --  Matter of New York State Dep’t of Transp., 22 I&N Dec. 215 (Acting Assoc. Comm’r 1998). 
  
The Dhanasar case overview:
 
Mr. Dhanasar has a Ph.D. in aeronautical engineering, 2 M.S. degrees and an impressive credentials and resume, a "rocket scientist". However, when he self-petitioned for a green card under the National Interest Waiver program, the USCIS denied his I-140 petition under the old law (old 1998 precedent, case NYSDOT, which was now overruled by Dhanasar case). The AAO applied a preponderance of the evidence standard and a new NIW test, and decided that: (1) the petitioner’s research in aerospace engineering has both substantial merit and national importance; (2) the petitioner is well positioned to advance his research; and (3) on balance, it is beneficial to the United States to waive the requirements of a job offer and thus of a labor certification. We find that the petitioner has established eligibility for and otherwise merits a national interest waiver as a matter of discretion.

On appeal, on 12/27/2016 the Administrative Appeals Office (AAO) concluded that the old precedent, NYSDOT test, was overly restrictive and approved the I-140 petition as a National Interest Waiver. AAO also changed the NIW test.
 
On December 27, 2016, DHS had relaxed rules for applying for NIW National Interest Waiver green card in EB-2 category. It will benefit many potential immigrants who consider applying for a green card under NIW. Many will be able to concurrently submit I-140, I-485, and applications for a work permit and advance parole. Except for India and China, where because of a backlog in EB-2 category, applicants from India and China will be unable to apply immediately for adjustment of status. Being able to qualify for a EB-2 green card as a NIW, will help many to avoid PERM and having an employer to petition for them, and will speed up the process of becoming a permanent resident.
 
This new precedent decision means that USCIS may grant a national interest waiver if the petitioner proves three elements of the test:

(1) that the foreign national’s proposed endeavor has both substantial merit and national importance; and
(2) that he or she is well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor; and
(3) that, on balance, it would be beneficial to the United States to waive the requirement of a job offer and thus of a labor certification.
 
The new NIW test still leaves discretion in the USCIS hands to determine whether to approve or deny the National Interest Waiver I-140 EB-2 petition. However, each of the three NIW requirements has been relaxed to make it easier for an applicant to prove his case.  
 
For more information on the AAO please visit www.uscis.gov/aao.
The case can be found in the Virtual Law Library of the Department of Justice’s Executive Office for Immigration Review.
 
Вкратце по-русски:

27 декабря 2016 решение Административного аппеляционного офиса по иммиграционным делам по делу Дханасар было официально признано DHS / USCIS новым прецедентом для всех последующих дел и петиций USCIS I-140 на грин карту по программе Вейвера в Национальных Интересах (National Interest Waiver).
Вкратце факты дела Дханасар: Г-н Дханасар имеет степень доктора наук и две степени мастера, а также длинный послужной список и впечатляюшее резюме, он эксперт в области ракетостроения и космоса. Когда он подал заявление на грин карту по программе Вейвера в Национальных Интересах, ему было отказано по причине несоответствия тесту на NIW в предыдущем прецеденте, деле 1998 года NYSDOT. Старый тест было очень сложно доказать, особенно третье требование.
Новое прецедентное решение ААО в корне изменило старый тест на NIW: все три требования по тесту были изменены и облегчены. В результате многим заявителям будет проще получить грин карту по этой программе, и избежать PERM и петицию от работодателя. Также многие смогут сразу подать заявления на грин карту adjustment of status, разрешение на работу и поездки за границу пока adjustment of status находится на рассмотрении.
Дело Дханасар тут: https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/920996/download

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How to apply for ITIN, Who is eligible for ITIN: a guide from IRS

12/27/2016

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​ ITIN GUIDE: Information and Updates About the IRS's Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN)
was prepared by Educators for Fair Consideration (E4FC). The purpose of this guide is to provide information and updates about the IRS's Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). 

Facts:
  • An Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) is a tax processing number issued by the Internal Revenue Service.
  • The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issues ITINs to individuals who are required to have a U.S. taxpayer identification number but who do not have, and are not eligible to obtain, a Social Security number (SSN) from the Social Security Administration (SSA).
  • ITINs allow individuals ineligible for an SSN to (1) report their earnings to the IRS, (2) open interest-bearing bank accounts with certain banks and, (3) conduct business in the U.S.
  • The IRS issues ITINs regardless of immigration status, because both citizens and noncitizens may have a U.S. tax filing or reporting requirement under the Internal Revenue Code.
  • ITINs are intended primarily to facilitate federal tax reporting. An ITIN does not authorize work in the U.S. or provide eligibility for Social Security benefits or the Earned Income Tax Credit.
This guide will walk readers through the initial application and renewal process. A separate guide discussing the use of ITINs to earn a living as an independent contractor and entrepreneur is currently being written and will be released in early January.

DOWNLOAD THE GUIDE HERE  http://www.e4fc.org/images/ITIN_Guide.pdf
http://www.e4fc.org/itinguide.html

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS:

Can undocumented individuals apply for an ITIN? Yes. Any individual not eligible for a SSN may apply and file for an ITIN.
Who is eligible to apply for ITIN? Individuals who identify with one the following categories may file for an ITIN:
» Does not have a SSN and are not eligible to obtain one
» Nonresident alien who is required to file a U.S. tax return
» U.S. resident alien who is (based on days present in the United States) filing a U.S. tax return.
» Dependent or spouse of a U.S. citizen/resident alien.
» Dependent or spouse of a nonresident alien visa holder.
Are ITINs valid for identification? No. ITINs are not valid identification outside the federal tax system. Since ITINs are strictly for tax processing, the IRS does not apply the same standards as agencies that provide genuine identity certification (e.g. state IDs/ driver’s license, passports, green cards, etc.).
Can I open a bank account with an ITIN? Yes. Some banks will accept the ITIN instead of the SSN. However, you still need to provide some form of identification. We suggest calling or visiting your local bank or credit union  to ensure they accept the ITIN and inquire about the types of ID they accept.
Do ITINs enable someone to work legally? No. ITINs are for federal income tax purposes only. Getting an ITIN does not change your immigration status or your authorization to work in the United States.
Can ITINs be used as proof of identification to obtain a state driver’s license? No. ITINs are not valid for identification outside the federal tax system. However, some states may accept the ITIN as part of the driver’s license application or verification of residency.
Who should renew their ITIN? Anyone who has not used their ITIN on a federal tax return at least once in the last three years should renew. All ITINs issued before 2013 will begin expiring this year based on a rolling schedule. You will be notified via postal mail (using the address on your most recent income tax form on which the ITIN appears) if your ITIN is expiring.
When does renewal of ITINs begin? January 1, 2017.
Which ITINs are expiring? Individuals who hold ITINs with middle digits of 78 and 79 (e.g. 9NN-78-NNNN). The IRS began sending Letter 5821 to taxpayers with these expiring ITINs in Summer 2016.
When may I renew my ITIN? Taxpayers whose ITINs will expire on January 1, 2017 can begin the renewal process beginning October 1, 2016.
How do I renew my ITIN? Complete your federal tax return, complete W-7 form and provide original documentation (or certified copies of the documentation from the issuing agency) required to support the information provided on Form W-7.
Should I apply or renew an ITIN if I have a valid SSN? No. Any person who applied for and received an SSN will no longer be eligible for an ITIN, since his/her SSN remains valid, even if his/her work authorization expires.
Should I apply or renew an ITIN if I am a DACA recipient? No. If you obtained DACA and used it to get a SSN you should not continue to use or renew your ITIN. Regardless of the possible termination of DACA, the assigned SSN will remain your SSN even if the individual’s work authorization terminates.
A new policy was introduced on June 30, 2016, but it became obsolete with the passage of the Tax Hikes Act of 2015 (PATH Act), enacted on December 18, 2015. The new law states that ITINs that have not been used on a federal tax return at least once in the last three years would no longer be valid for use on a tax return unless renewed by a taxpayer. In addition, ITINs issued prior to 2013 and not used on a federal tax return in the last three years need to be renewed starting October 1, 2016, based on a rolling renewal schedule.
What May Happen if an ITIN is Not Renewed Some individuals may not be aware that their ITIN has expired or that they must renew an expired ITIN. According to the IRS, returns filed by these individuals will be accepted by the IRS; however, there may be a delay in processing these returns, and certain credits, such as the Child Tax Credit6 and the American Opportunity Tax Credit7 , may not be allowed unless the ITIN is renewed. This could result in a reduced refund or additional penalties and interest. The IRS will notify these filers about the delay and any reduction in refunds and credits claimed and will inform them about the need to file Form W-7 to renew their ITIN.
Can I use both ITIN and SSN? No. Holders of Expired ITINs Who Have Obtained or Become Eligible for a SSN An individual with an expired ITIN who has obtained or become eligible for an SSN (for example through DACA) should not renew the ITIN and should discontinue using it. It is improper to use both the ITIN and the SSN assigned to the same person to file tax returns.
How to Notify the IRS About Your New SSN? It is your responsibility to notify the IRS so it can combine all of your tax records under one identification number. If you do not notify the IRS when you are assigned a SSN, you may not receive credit for all wages paid and taxes withheld, which could reduce the amount of any refund due. Individuals who become eligible to obtain a SSN (i.e. DACA or permanent residents) should obtain one from the Social Security Administration (SSA) and visit a local IRS office, or write a letter explaining that you have now been assigned a SSN and want your tax records combined. Include your complete name, mailing address, and ITIN along with a copy of your social security card and a copy of the CP 565, Notice of ITIN Assignment, if available. The IRS will void the ITIN and associate all prior tax information filed under the ITIN with the SSN. Send your letter to: Internal Revenue Service Austin, TX 73301-0057 Note: In addition to sending a letter to the IRS, you may also send letters to the credit agencies requesting to change your ITIN to a SSN. The letter should include name, mailing address and copies of your ITIN, SSN and identification.
Information Specific to DACA Recipients. DACA recipients are eligible to receive a social security number (SSN) and therefore should not continue to use or renew their ITIN. Regardless of the possible termination of DACA, the assigned SSN will remain their SSN even if the individual’s work authorization terminates. As stated above, all people who have obtained a SSN should send letters to the IRS and credit agencies requesting to transfer all tax and credit history from the ITIN to their SSN.
How to apply for ITIN? This information comes directly from the IRS, for additional information see the updated online instructions (Instructions for Form W-7 (09/2016), https://www.irs.gov/ instructions/iw7/index.html ). You may file or renew an ITIN by completing Form W-7 (Application for IRIS ITIN, https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/ fw7.pdf ), which you may download for free on the IRS website. The form and instructions were updated September 2016, so make sure to download and complete the most current version of the forms. The form requires supporting documentation to prove foreign status and identity. The documentation you provide must meet the following requirements:
1. You must submit documentation to establish your identity and your connection to a foreign country (“foreign status”). Applicants claimed as dependents must also prove U.S. residency unless the applicant is from Mexico or Canada or the applicant is a dependent of U.S. military personnel stationed overseas.
2. You must submit original documents, or certified copies of these documents from the issuing agency, that support the information provided on Form W-7. A certified document is one that the original issuing agency provides and certifies as an exact copy of the original document and contains an official stamped seal from the agency. You may be able to request a certified copy of documents at an embassy or consulate. However, services may vary between countries, so it is recommended that you contact the appropriate consulate or embassy for specific information.
3. Note: Original documents you submit will be returned to you at the mailing address shown on your Form W-7. You don’t need to provide a return envelope. Applicants are permitted to include a prepaid Express Mail or courier envelope for faster return delivery of their documents. The IRS will then return the documents in the envelope provided by the applicant. If your original documents aren’t returned within 60 days, you can call the IRS (see Telephone help, earlier). If you will need your documents for any purpose within 60 days of submitting your
Processing times. Allow 7 weeks for the IRS to notify you of your ITIN application status (9 to 11 weeks if you submit the application during peak processing periods (January 15 through April 30) or if you’re filing from overseas). If you haven’t received your ITIN or correspondence at the end of that time, you can call the IRS to find out the status of your application.
Telephone help. Call 1-800-829-1040 if you’re in the United States. If you’re outside the United States, call 267-941-1000 (not a toll-free number) for assistance.
ITIN GUIDE http://www.e4fc.org/images/ITIN_Guide.pdf
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    Luba Smal is an attorney exclusively practicing USA federal immigration law since 2004.  She speaks English and Russian. 

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